Which of the following, if true, is most damaging to the inference drawn by the scholars?答案解析-雷哥GRE

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Geographers and historians have traditionally held the view that Antarctica was first sighted around 1820, but some sixteenth-century European maps show a body that resembles the polar landmass, even though explorers of the period never saw it. Some scholars, therefore, argue that the continent must have been discovered and mapped by the ancients, whose maps are known to have served as models for the European cartographers.

第1 题

Which of the following, if true, is most damaging to the inference drawn by the scholars?

AThe question of who first sighted Antarctica in modern times is still much debated, and no one has been able to present conclusive evidence. BBetween 3,000 and 9,000 years ago, the world was warmer than it is now, and the polar landmass was presumably smaller. CThere are only a few sixteenth-century global maps that show a continental landmass at the South Pole. DMost attributions of surprising accomplishments to ancient civilizations or even extraterrestrials are eventually discredited or rejected as preposterous. EAncient philosophers believed that there had to be a large landmass at the South Pole to balance the northern continents and make the world symmetrical.

正确答案： E 耗时：

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学者们推理的根据是因为地图里有Antarctica 所以早些年人类一定发现了。我们要对这点进行反驳，E提供了有效的反驳：人家地图上画了不代表人家真的发现了，可能只不过是因为想要在哲学理念上进行一个平衡，所以其实没发现。成功驳斥了学者的推理路线。其余选项均无法对学者的推理链进行有效反驳。

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2023-01-17 02:55:17

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1. 地理和历史学家第一次看到Antarctica是在1820年，但是16世纪的欧洲地图已经有类似的地块了；2.因此，学者认为古时的欧洲地图是后来欧洲地图的雏形所以本题的因果关系：因为16世纪的欧洲地图已经有类似的地块了，所以学者认为古代就有人发现并绘制了有antarctica的地图，后来的欧洲地图以此为模板 E. 古代哲学家认为因为北极有地块，所以南极对称的也有地块=找到了其他可能性，削弱了原文的因果关系 A. 这是时间确认的问题，并不妨碍原文事实发生的认定和由此得出的结论 B. 地块的大小变化不影响原文的因果关系 C. 尽管限定只有少量16世纪的地图南极地块，但还是证明了原文的推论成立 D. 即便古代的成就都是假的，不妨碍后人借鉴的因果关系成立

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2021-10-21 20:09:33

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2020-09-18 16:41:42

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